Besides personal experience, the only kind of research aromatherapists seem interested in is in reading what other aromatherapists have said or believed about plants or oils. The practitioners and salespersons of aromatherapeutic products seem singularly uninterested in scientific testing of their claims, many of which are empirical and could be easily tested. Of course, there are many aromatherapists who make non-testable claims, such as claims regarding how certain oils will affect their “subtle body,” bring balance to their chakra, restore harmony to their energy flow, return one to their center, or contribute to spiritual growth.
Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?
A :
Aromatherapy is said to restore or enhance mental, emotional, physical or spiritual health
B :
Aromatherapists are not concerned about the scientific testing of their claims, which other wise can be empirically tested; instead they make ambiguous claims which are difficult to test.
C :
When aromatherapists get into professional debates about empirical matters it is generally over such matters as whether natural oils are superior to synthetic ones
D :
References to scientific studies of the issue are sought in vain
Answer: B The passage derides the scientific basis of aromatherapy, option (B) is in accordance with the author’s skepticism about its grounding in science
Q. No. 14:
Easy import of goods and services spurred by free trade policies introduce goods of various types and quality into the domestic economy. The consumer instead of the government gets the right to choose or reject a foreign product. By treating imports and domestic goods at the same level, the government encourages competition which is essential to improve productivity and lower costs, both are in turn essential to improve the plight of the poor.
Which of the following if true would strengthen the case for free trade?
A :
Consumers are likely to opt for imported products as they are of superior quality
B :
Domestic producers, who enjoy lower costs of production have an edge over the producers of imported products in terms of price.
C :
Domestic producers have easy access to technical knowledge and face lower costs of production
D :
Consumers are unlikely to increase their level of expenditure because of the introduction of a wide variety of imported goods
Answer: C (A) does not indicate any positive consequence for the economy. (B) indicates an advantage for the domestic producer. (C) implies that the domestic producer will not be at an unfair advantage, it strengthens the case. (D) this does not alter the case for imported goods in any way.
The Bistupur-Sakchi corner needs a speed-breaker. Loyola school children cross this intersection, on their way to the school, and many a times do not check out for traffic. I get to read regular reports of cars and other vehicles hitting children. I know that speed-breakers are irritating for drivers, and I know that children cannot be protected from every danger, but this is one of the worst intersections in town. There needs to be a speed-breaker so that vehicles have to slow down and the children be made safer.
Q. No. 1:
Which of the following arguments is used in the above passage?
A :
Analogy - comparing the intersection to something dangerous.
B :
Emotive - referring to the safety of children to get people interested.
C :
Statistical analysis - noting the number of children hit by vehicles.
D :
Personalization - telling the story of one child‟s near accident at the intersection.
Answer: B The argument is "emotive". In order to attract people's attention it talks about the safety of school going children, which is an emotive issue with most people. But we can also arrive at this answer by eliminating other options. The number of children has not been mentioned, therefore, it is not statistical as mentioned in option C. No example or story of an injured child has been narrated in the paragraph; therefore, option D can also be eliminated. The argument is not an analogy either as mentioned in option A. If the intersection was really "dangerous" it would have been so for everyone, not just for school children. Hence, the correct answer is option B.
Q. No. 2:
According to a recent research conducted by the district road planning department, ten percent students come with parents in cars, twenty percent students use auto-rickshaws, twenty percent students use taxis, forty percent students use the school buses and ten percent students live in the hostel inside the school. Which of the following is true about the above paragraph?
A :
It extends speaker's argument using analogy.
B :
It extends the speaker's argument using statistical data.
C :
It contradicts the speaker‟s argument using statistical data.
D :
It concludes speaker's argument by using personalization.
Answer: C The numbers mentioned in the paragraph show that no kids walk down to school. Therefore they do not cross the intersection on foot. Most of them come to school with their parents by car or are ferried by buses, autos or taxis. Therefore, it contradicts the earlier statement by using data or statistics. Thus, it neither extends the arguments as mentioned in options A or B, neither does it conclude the argument as mentioned in option D. That makes statement C the only correct statement.
History, if viewed as a repository not merely of anecdotes or chronology, could produce a decisive transformation in the image of science by which we are now possessed. That image has previously been drawn, even by scientists themselves, mainly from the study of finished scientific achievements as these are recorded in the classics and, more recently, in the textbooks from which each new scientific generation learns to practice its trade.
Q. No. 1:
Which of the following best summarizes the above paragraph?
A :
Scientific achievements are recorded in classics and text books
B :
History of science can be inferred from finished scientific achievement
C :
Different ways of looking at history can produce altogether different knowledge
Answer: C The author speaks about “decisive transformation in the image of science.” He further iterates, “That image has been drawn mainly from the study of finished scientific achievements.” Options A and B do not mention how this “decisive transformation” in the image of science is to be achieved. Option C conforms to the concept of producing a transformation in that “image”, or, producing different perspectives on scientific knowledge by focusing on different angles of history. Therefore, statement C could be a likely answer. However, on checking options D it can be confirmed. 'Textbooks may be biased' in option D is an opinion and cannot be a summary for this passage..
Q. No. 2:
Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?
A :
History of science presents a scientific way of looking at scientific developments and thus contributes to progress in science.
B :
History of science should contain only the chronology of the scientific achievements.
C :
More number of scientific theories results in more number of publications, which benefits publishers.
D :
History of science can present multiple interpretations to people regarding the process of scientific developments.
Answer: D Option A underlies scientific progress, which in a way may be implied from the passage, but the passage mentions more about looking at history from a new angle than on looking at it from a scientific angle, although that may help. Option B is a limited concept. Also, it goes against what author believes in, "…not merely of anecdotes or chronology…" Option C speaks about quantity of publications which has not been mentioned in the passage. It is only option D which speaks about „multiple interpretations‟ or multiple views. Hence, the correct answer is option D.
Goodricke Group Ltd is planning to give top priority to core competence of production and marketing of tea in 2007. The company intends to increase the production of orthodox varieties of tea. Goodricke is planning to invest Rs. 10 crore to modernise the factories. The company has announced a net profit of Rs. 5.49 crore for 2006 as against Rs. 3.76 crore in 2005.
Q. No. 1:
Which of the following can be deduced from the caselet?
A :
Production and marketing is core competence of Goodricke Group.
B :
Increase in production of existing products enhances core competence.
C :
Core competence can be used for furthering company's interests.
Answer: C We are looking at deduction here. Option A is a restatement and though it is tempting to take it into consideration, it should be eliminated as the question is about inferring by applying logic. Option B takes only production into account and therefore, is only partially correct. The company has been making profits so far and thus, it may be deduced that planning for priority on core competence can further the company's interests as mentioned in option C. Option D cannot be deduced because the link between core competence and modernization has not been shown in the passage.
Q. No. 2:
The author reflects on the concept of Blue Ocean Strategy. He explains that this concept delivers an instinctive framework for developing uncontested market space and making the competition irrelevant. The author remarks that Blue Ocean Strategy is about having the best mix of attributes that result in creation of uncontested market space and high growth, and not about being the best.
The above paragraph appears to be an attempt at
A :
defining Blue Ocean strategy.
B :
developing the framework for Blue Ocean strategy.
C :
reviewing an article or a book on Blue Ocean strategy.
D :
highlighting how Blue Ocean strategy leads to better returns.
Answer: C The paragraph mentions “author” and the author's opinions about “Blue Ocean Strategy”. Therefore, the passage does not concern itself with the definition of “Blue Ocean Strategy” as mentioned in option A or in developing the framework for this strategy as mentioned in option B or in highlighting how the implementation of the strategy leads to better returns as mentioned in option D. Rather, the passage is about what a certain author thinks about “Blue Ocean Strategy”. It is most likely a review of a book or an article as mentioned in option C. Another hint is that the passage states “The author reflects on” which perhaps signifies that the author has just read something about the strategy and then goes on to give his opinion of it. Hence, the correct answer is option C.